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Projecte llegit

Títol: Determinación orbital inicial de asteroides

Estudiants que han llegit aquest projecte:

Director/a: RODRÍGUEZ DEL RÍO, ÓSCAR

Departament: MAT

Títol: Determinación orbital inicial de asteroides

Data inici oferta: 23-01-2025     Data finalització oferta: 23-09-2025


Estudis d'assignació del projecte:
    DG ENG AERO/SIS TEL
Tipus: Individual
 
Lloc de realització: EETAC
 
Paraules clau:
Orbit determination, Space debris, Numerical simulation
 
Descripció del contingut i pla d'activitats:
The increasing presence of space debris poses a significant threat to operational satellites and space missions. Accurate orbit determination of these debris objects is crucial for collision avoidance and effective space traffic management. This study focuses on the development and implementation of numerical methods and orbit estimation algorithms. Challenges related to high uncertainty and limitations in observing small debris objects are addressed, with proposed solutions to enhance orbit determination accuracy through data fusion from multiple sensors and optimization techniques. The results of this study provide valuable tools for predicting the trajectories of space debris and offer strategies to mitigate the risks of collisions in Earth's orbital environment.


Language: Catalan, Spanish or English
 
Overview (resum en anglès):
The present Bachelor's Thesis addresses the study and validation of the main methods used in the initial orbital determination of celestial bodies, with particular emphasis on asteroids observable from Earth. The primary objective is to analyze the process that enables the determination of an object's trajectory from astronomical observations, integrating both the theoretical and practical foundations of engineering applied to the space domain.

First, the data acquisition process is described through optical and radar observations, considering the reference systems employed, the operating principles of telescopes and antennas, as well as the expressions governing the received energy and its relationship with measurement accuracy. Subsequently, the two classical methods for initial orbit determination, those of Laplace and Gauss, are implemented and compared using MATLAB.

The validation is carried out by comparing the obtained results with the reference solutions provided by the JPL Horizons system. Furthermore, the numerical stability of the Laplace method is studied by analyzing its sensitivity to the astrometric errors in the observations.

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