CBL - Campus del Baix Llobregat

Projecte llegit

Títol: Análisis con CFD y túnel de viento de dos configuraciones de timón de dirección en una aeronave todo ala

Estudiants que han llegit aquest projecte:

Director/a: ROJAS GREGORIO, JOSEP IGNASI

Departament: FIS

Títol: Análisis con CFD y túnel de viento de dos configuraciones de timón de dirección en una aeronave todo ala

Data inici oferta: 10-02-2021     Data finalització oferta: 10-10-2021


Estudis d'assignació del projecte:
    GR ENG SIST AEROESP
Tipus: Individual
 
Lloc de realització: EETAC
 
Paraules clau:
BWB; all-wing aircraft; wind tunnel tests; CFD; computational fluid dynamics; aerodynamics; rudder
 
Descripció del contingut i pla d'activitats:
La aviación civil está en constante evolución, en busca de
aeronaves más eficientes, y esto se comprueba por ejemplo con
el desarrollo de los blended wing-body (BWB). Por ello, este
TFG se centrará en un estudio con software CFD de diferentes
configuraciones de rudder para este tipo de aeronaves. Además,
se realizará un estudio de un modelo de BWB elaborado con
impresora 3D para su ensayo en el túnel de viento de la
Escuela.

The project will consist in the analysis of various rudder
configurations in blended wing-body (BWB) aircraft or also
termed all-wing aircraft. This analysis will be done with
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software and, if
circumstances allow for that, with wind tunnel tests on one or
various mock-up models of the most interesting configurations,
that is those rudder configurations that, according to the CFD
results, provide the best BWB performance in terms of
aerodynamic efficiency or lift-to-drag ratio, etc.

The procedure and methodology will be as follows:

1. literature review and analysis of relevant bibliography
2. formation on appropriate software packages and codes, e.g.,
GMSH, OpenFOAM, etc.
3. CFD analysis of the problem:
a. design of CAD geometry, e.g., with Solid Works or Solid
Edge
b. meshing of the fluid problem, e.g., with GMSH
c. solving the problem with suitable solver, e.g., with
OpenFOAM
d. post-processing of CFD results, e.g., with ParaView or
Grace
4. (build mock-up model of the studied geometry with 3D
printer)
5. (wind tunnel testing on the mock-up model)
6. (calibration of the results from CFD simulations and
analytical models with wind tunnel test results)
7. processing of test and simulation results
8. draw conclusions from the study
9. Write thesis and prepare final presentation
 
Overview (resum en anglès):
The design of BWB aircraft presents an alternative aircraft configuration with the characterization of being more sustainable, by reducing fuel consumption. However, its directional control is a new challenge that must be studied. In this context, the present TFG aims to study two configurations of rudder: one with a single central rudder of large dimensions, and another with two lateral rudders (on two tips of the BWB) of smaller dimensions. This study has been started from a design already created, by Dwivedi Y.D. and Jagadish D., of the central body and wings of the aircraft. Instead, the two rudder designs, the design with a single central rudder, and the design with two side rudders, located at the wing tips, have been developed from scratch, simply based on the existing rudders of the Boeing 737 MAX-9.

The study has been done, first of all, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, which is being key to the calculation of the behaviour of any fluid in contact with a solid, in this case an aircraft. Specifically, the Simscale web software has been used to calculate the aerodynamic forces exerted by each rudder configuration on our aircraft, in order to obtain the relationship between the different dimensionless coefficients (lift coefficient, aerodynamic drag coefficient, and yaw moment coefficient) and the rudder deflection angle. To fully study the performance of the aircraft, two types of simulation have been carried out: one where the aircraft is in the cruise phase and another in which it is in the takeoff phase, which differs in that the flow is compressible in the first case, and incompressible flow in the second.

Secondly, the work has continued with an experimental wind tunnel study of the two BWB designs, which begins by printing the models with the EETAC 3D printer, models that have been previously generated with the SolidWorks CAD program. Later, aircraft models are introduced into the wind tunnel of the same EETAC, to obtain the experimental results on dimensionless coefficients and aerodynamic efficiency of each model. In the wind tunnel, 8 value shots were taken for each rudder, from 0º angle of attack (AoA) to end at 16º of AoA, in steps of 2º.

Finally, thanks to the results obtained, it will be observed that the design with central rudder provides a slight improvement in aerodynamic efficiency, but, on the other hand, the design with side rudder is able to compensate for the moment due to engine failure.



© CBLTIC Campus del Baix Llobregat - UPC