CBL - Campus del Baix Llobregat

Projecte llegit

Títol: Efectivitat de productes ecològics per al control de pugons i aranya en hortícoles

Estudiant que ha llegit aquest projecte:

Tutor/Cotutor: IZQUIERDO FIGAROLA, JORDI

Departament: DEAB

Títol: Efectivitat de productes ecològics per al control de pugons i aranya en hortícoles

Data inici oferta: 13-07-2021      Data finalització oferta: 13-03-2022

Estudis d'assignació del projecte:
    GR ENG AGRÍCOLA
    GR ENG AGRO PAISATGE
    GR ENG CIEN AGRONOM

Lloc de realització:
EEABB

Paraules clau:
Pulgón; Araña roja; Plaga; Productos naturales; Jabón; Ajo+jabón; Cebolla+jabón; Neem+jabón; Productos convencionales; Jabón potásico; Oberon; Decis Protech

Descripció del contingut i pla d'activitats:
El foment del control biològic de plagues és un dels pilars de
l'agricultura actual. En aquest sentit, des de la Secció de
Protecció de Cultius del DEAB portem uns anys fent assajos amb
diferents productes naturals de fàcil adquisició per veure el
seu efecte sobre dos plagues importants de les plantes
hortícoles com són els pugons i l'aranya groga i roja. Els
pugons també afecten greument fruiters, pel que
complementàriament també es faran assajos en aquest cultiu. La
part experimental es durà a terme a Can Comas, en
col·laboració amb els seus gestors i amb l'escola de
capacitació agrària de Les Salines del Prat de Llobregat i a
l'hivernacle d'Agròpolis

Overview (resum en anglès): EFFICACY OF SOME NATURAL PRODUCTS ON APHIDS AND RED SPIDER IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Author: Inuk Abellán García
Tutor: Jordi Izquerdo Figarola
Date: September 2022

This project is the continuation of two previous projects carried out by UPC colleagues that studied the insecticidal effect of natural products against aphids and red spider, with the aim of being able to advise efficiently on the use of these products in agricultural areas in process of development, where there¿s a need to produce natural, effective and cheap insecticides. One of these areas is Cassamance (Senegal, Africa), where UPC has been developing agricultural cooperation projects for years. For this reason, the study has been carried out in conditions as similar as possible to those of Cassamance, using cheap and easily accessible materials with simple application techniques against aphids and red spider, pests with a great degree of affection in the area.
The purpose of this project is to study the effectiveness of different natural insecticide products of
own elaboration in the control of aphids and red spider in fruit and vegetables, and compare it with the effectiveness of various products used in conventional agriculture.
Four natural products were prepared and applied: soap, garlic+soap, onion+soap and neem+soap,
and were compared with three conventional products (potassium soap, Oberon and Decis Protech) depending on the pest treated. The insecticide effectiveness of these products has been evaluated in two trials on aphids (Hyalopterus amygdali) on peach trees and one trial on red spider (Tetranychus urticae) on eggplant. The second test against aphids was carried out under laboratory conditions to obtain more accurate results, without the effects of external alterations, so the results could be compared with those of the first test.
All natural products produced had, to a greater or lesser extent, an insecticidal effect on populations of aphids and red spiders. In the first trial on aphids in the field, the most effective treatments were garlic+soap and onion+soap, followed by soap. In the second trial against red spider in greenhouse, the most effective treatment was neem+soap. In the third trial against aphids in laboratory conditions, the most effective treatments were soap, garlic+soap and onion+soap, causing a shock effect on the population of aphids in 12 hours.

Keywords: Aphid; Red spider; Plague; Pest control; Ecological agriculture; Natural products; Conventional products.

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