Projecte llegit

Títol: Estimación de las pérdidas por deriva generadas por un pulverizador hidráulico durante un tratamiento fitosanitario en cultivos bajos en función del modelo de boquilla y la adición de coadyuvantes.

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Estudiant que ha llegit aquest projecte:

MARISTANY MARQUÉS, GONZALO (data lectura: 25-10-2023)

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Tutor/a o Cotutor/a: GIL MOYA, EMILIO

Departament: DEAB

Títol: Estimación de las pérdidas por deriva generadas por un pulverizador hidráulico durante un tratamiento fitosanitario en cultivos bajos en función del modelo de boquilla y la adición de coadyuvantes.

Data inici oferta: 02-02-2023      Data finalització oferta: 02-10-2023

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Estudis d'assignació del projecte:

GR ENG ALIMENT 2016
GR ENG CIEN AGRONOM

Lloc de realització:
EEABB

Segon tutor/a (UPC): SALCEDO CIDONCHA, RAMON

Paraules clau:
Cultivos bajos; Pesticidas; Deriva aérea; Contaminación; Gota; Adyuvante

Descripció del contingut i pla d'activitats:
El objetivo será determinar la deriva potencial de un pulverizador
hidráulico al usar adyuvantes durante una aplicación de producto.
Para ello se evaluará el efecto que tiene el tamaño de gota, la
tipología de boquilla usada, el adyuvante escogido y la
concentración de producto. La metodología a seguir estará basada en
la norma ISO 22401 (ISO, 2015) para la estimación de deriva
potencial en pulverizadores de barra con bancos de deriva.

Overview (resum en anglès): The present work deals with the performance of potential drift assays when using different
adjuvants. To do this, the aim is to simulate the normal working conditions of a phytosanitary
treatment using a hydraulic sprayer with horizontal bars. During this simulation, the aim is to
evaluate the potential drift of combining two adjuvants ('A' and 'B'), one of them at two different
concentrations, and with four different types of nozzles. The nozzles consist of different
distribution patterns (hollow conical and fan) and typology (conventional or anti-drift). The aim
is to verify to what extent the two adjuvants, commonly used as surfactants, can also reduce the
risk of drift when applying a phytosanitary product. In this way, the environmental impact that
these applications entail due to the drift of pesticides beyond the margins of the crop could be
minimized, potentially damaging the environment and/or people's health.
The tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Agricultural Mechanization Unit (UMA) of the
Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC) in the Parc Agropolis of the UPC in the municipality
of Viladecans (Barcelona). The calculation methods, materials and conditions to determine the
potential drift value are indicated in detail in the ISO 22401 standard (ISO 2015). The tests were
based on a metal structure provided with slots to place artificial collectors, in this case Petri dishes,
and with a sliding cover, activated by a pneumatic system, which allows the collectors to be
covered or exposed to the open air.
Four cases were tested: 1) Reference (using only tartrazine as a tracer); 2) Adjuvant A, at a
concentration of 0.25%, plus the tracer; 3) The same adjuvant A but at a concentration of 0.50%;
4) Adjuvant B. For each case, tests were carried out with the four proposed nozzle models.
Escola d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i de Biosistemes de Barcelona¿ BarcelonaTech

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The results indicated that, if conventional nozzles were used, adjuvant B had the greatest
reduction in drift deposition compared to the reference application, regardless of nozzle profile.
On the other hand, the adjuvants presented a similar behavior with the anti-drift nozzles. This
work demonstrates the ability to reduce drift risk with appropriate surfactants.

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