CBL - Campus del Baix Llobregat

Projecte llegit

Títol: Estudi de l'efecte del biochar en el cultiu de Lactuca sativa L.

Estudiant que ha llegit aquest projecte:

Tutor/a o Cotutor/a: SANCHEZ SANCHEZ, ELENA

Departament: DEAB

Títol: Estudi de l'efecte del biochar en el cultiu de Lactuca sativa L.

Data inici oferta: 06-02-2023      Data finalització oferta: 15-11-2023

Estudis d'assignació del projecte:
    GR ENG CIEN AGRONOM

Lloc de realització:
EEABB

Segon tutor/a (UPC): CARAZO GOMEZ, NURIA

Paraules clau:
Biochar; Biorremediación Ambiental; Áreas Periurbanas; Seguridad alimentaria

Descripció del contingut i pla d'activitats:
Esta investigación forma parte del proyecto de investigación
'Implantación de biochar como herramienta biorremediadora en áreas
periurbanas: nuevo modelo de producción responsable para el Área
Metropolitana de Barcelona (BioUrban)', financiado por el
Ayuntamiento de Barcelona y el Área Metropolitana de Barcelona.
Con este proyecto se pretende demostrar cómo el uso de biochar en
el suelo agrícola de la zona del Parq Agrari del Baix Llobregat
reduce el impacto mediomabiental de la agricultura periurbana y
mejora la calidad nutricional y seguridad alimentaria de los
alimentos. En este caso, el proyecto se realizará con lechuga
variedad Maravilla, que se plantará en dos fincas agrícolas: una de
ellas en producción ecológica (localizada en Viladecans) y la otra
en producción convencional (localizada en Sant Boi de Llobregat).
Los ensayos se realizarán desde enero hasta noviembre de 2023, para
posteriormente poder analizar los datos antes de la finalización
del proyecto.

Overview (resum en anglès): Soil pollution and climate change are two current environmental problems that affect everyone. Agriculture is an activity that contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases and is negatively affected by the consequences of climate change, such as the increase in temperature and the dryness of the soil. In addition, soil degradation and loss of soil fertility are major challenges. It is necessary to implement sustainable strategies that increase crop yield without increasing the impact on the cultivated area and that reduce gas emissions into the atmosphere.
Biochar is a carbon-rich material obtained from the thermochemical decomposition of organic waste at high temperatures and in the absence of oxygen. The pyrolysis process stabilizes the existing carbon in the organic matter in a form more resistant to chemical and biological decomposition, so when it is incorporated into the soil it does not degrade. The characteristics of biochar improve the physicochemical properties of the soil and increase crop productivity, also contributing to carbon retention, which makes biochar a tool to fight climate change.
Regarding lettuce production, it has been shown that the use of biochar as a soil amendment can improve the quality and quantity of lettuce produced. Biochar can improve soil physical properties, such as long-term water and nutrient retention, which can increase crop growth and yield over cycles. In addition, the use of biochar can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers, which can lower costs for farmers.
In summary, the use of biochar in agricultural production can significantly improve soil physicochemical properties and increase crop productivity. In addition, consuming local and quality products is relevant for several reasons. Both practices can help reduce the negative environmental impact associated with agriculture.

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